The emerging landscape of single-molecule protein sequencing technologies.

Alfaro, Javier Antonio; Bohländer, Peggy; Dai, Mingjie; Filius, Mike; Howard, Cecil J; van Kooten, Xander F; Ohayon, Shilo; Pomorski, Adam; Schmid, Sonja; Aksimentiev, Aleksei; Anslyn, Eric V; Bedran, Georges; Cao, Chan; Chinappi, Mauro; Coyaud, Etienne; Dekker, Cees; Dittmar, Gunnar; Drachman, Nicholas; Eelkema, Rienk; Goodlett, David; Hentz, Sébastien; Kalathiya, Umesh; Kelleher, Neil L; Kelly, Ryan T; Kelman, Zvi; Kim, Sung Hyun; Kuster, Bernhard; Rodriguez-Larrea, David; Lindsay, Stuart; Maglia, Giovanni; Marcotte, Edward M; Marino, John P; Masselon, Christophe; Mayer, Michael; Samaras, Patroklos; Sarthak, Kumar; Sepiashvili, Lusia; Stein, Derek; Wanunu, Meni; Wilhelm, Mathias; Yin, Peng; Meller, Amit; Joo, Chirlmin

Single-cell profiling methods have had a profound impact on the understanding of cellular heterogeneity. While genomes and transcriptomes can be explored at the single-cell level, single-cell profiling of proteomes is not yet established. Here we describe new single-molecule protein sequencing and identification technologies alongside innovations in mass spectrometry that will eventually enable broad sequence coverage in single-cell profiling. These technologies will in turn facilitate biological discovery and open new avenues for ultrasensitive disease diagnostics.