Author: Straub, Mary H.; Kelly, Terra R.; Rideout, Bruce A.; Eng, Curtis; Wynne, Janna; Braun, Josephine; Johnson, Christine K.
Title: Seroepidemiologic Survey of Potential Pathogens in Obligate and Facultative Scavenging Avian Species in California Document date: 2015_11_25
ID: 1cjiu63v_24
Snippet: This study provides preliminary baseline data on seroepidemiologic status for potential pathogens in California condors, turkey vultures and golden eagles. Though the individuals in this study were apparently healthy when sampled [14, 74] , several of the pathogens we identified in these species have caused severe clinical disease in other avian species, including poultry and raptors. Except for birds housed at the LAZ, condors had a high seropre.....
Document: This study provides preliminary baseline data on seroepidemiologic status for potential pathogens in California condors, turkey vultures and golden eagles. Though the individuals in this study were apparently healthy when sampled [14, 74] , several of the pathogens we identified in these species have caused severe clinical disease in other avian species, including poultry and raptors. Except for birds housed at the LAZ, condors had a high seroprevalence of two strains of IBV, while there was no evidence of exposure in turkey vultures and golden eagles. Because the test used for IBV is not validated in any of the species tested here, it is possible that antibodies to similar viruses were cross-reacting with the IBV tests. Infectious bronchitis virus, which is primarily a poultry pathogen, is a group 3 coronavirus and these viruses, including some genetically similar to IBV, have been detected in various wild bird species [54, 55] . Also, there is evidence that turkeys can be infected experimentally by group 2 coronaviruses [89] . At this time, it is unknown whether the virus responsible for the high seroprevalence of IBV is specific to condors or if it has spilled over from another species. Further investigation is needed to understand these serologic results and characterize coronaviruses that could be infecting condors.
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