Changes in temperature alter susceptibility to a virus following a host shift

Katherine E. Roberts; Jarrod D. Hadfield; Manmohan D. Sharma; Ben Longdon

2 found the host phylogeny explained a large proportion of the variation in viral load 25 at each temperature, with strong phylogenetic correlations between viral loads 26 across temperature. The variance in viral load increased with temperature, whilst 27 the mean viral load did not, such that as temperature increased the most 28 susceptible species become more susceptible, and the least susceptible less so. We 29 found no significant relationship between a species' susceptibility across 30 temperatures and proxies for thermal optima; critical thermal maximum and 31 minimum or basal metabolic rate. These results suggest that whilst the rank order 32 of species susceptibilities can remain the same with changes in temperature, the 33 likelihood of host shifts into a given species may increase or decrease. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the . https://doi.org/10.1101/358564 doi: bioRxiv preprint metabolic chambers housing the groups of 10 flies. The first chamber was left 223 empty as a reference cell, to acquire a baseline reading for all subsequent chambers 224 at the start and end of each set of runs, therefore seven groups of flies were 225 assayed in each run. Air was flushed into each chamber for 2 minutes, before 226 reading the previous chamber. Readings were taken every second for 10 minutes 227 by feeding the exiting air through a LiCor LI-7000 infrared gas analyser (Lincoln, 228 NE, USA). Carbon dioxide production was measured using a Sable Systems UI2 229 analog-digital interface for acquisition, connected to a computer running Sable To check for any potential effect of body size differences between species, wing 243 length was measured as a proxy for body size [54] . The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the . https://doi.org/10.1101/358564 doi: bioRxiv preprint