Bronchiolitis needs a revisit: Distinguishing between virus entities and their treatments

Jartti, Tuomas; Smits, Hermelijn H.; Bønnelykke, Klaus; Bircan, Ozlem; Elenius, Varpu; Konradsen, Jon R.; Maggina, Paraskevi; Makrinioti, Heidi; Stokholm, Jakob; Hedlin, Gunilla; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos; Ruszczynski, Marek; Ryczaj, Klaudia; Schaub, Bianca; Schwarze, Jürgen; Skevaki, Chrysanthi; Stenberg-Hammar, Katarina; Feleszko, Wojciech

In contrast to RSV bronchiolitis, atopy has been clearly associated with childhood asthma development after RV-induced early wheezing. High-risk (parental atopy or asthma) birth cohort studies from Wisconsin, United States, and Australia have shown that young children suffering from RV-induced wheezing episodes are at high risk of school-age asthma (odds ratio up to, RV vs RSV, 9.8 vs 2.6). [85] [86] [87] The risk is especially high if children were sensitizated at an age younger than 2 years. 85, 87 A recent study on hospitalized children shows similar results: RV-induced severe first wheezing episode at an age less than 2 years was a risk factor (odds ratio 5.0) for atopic asthma at school-age along with early sensitization and eczema (odds ratios 12 and 4.8, respectively) while RSV was associated with neither atopic nor nonatopic asthma. 7 Therefore, data from these high-risk birth cohorts suggest that atopic airways have an increased susceptibility for asthma development after RV-induced bronchiolitis.