Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea

Gultekin, Mehmet; Voyvoda, Huseyin; Ural, Kerem; Erdogan, Hasan; Balikci, Canberk; Gultekin, Gamze

Another factor affecting plasma CIT concentration might be renal impairment. 6 However, CIT is metabolized into ARG in the intestine instead of CIT and decreased uptake of glutamine by the enterocyte. 6 In addition, CIT production is severely reduced during SIRS and sepsis, resulting in diminished ARG de novo production and NO availability. 7, 9 For NO synthesis, inducible NO synthases (iNOS) known as inflammatory NOS, can be expressed by almost all cell types in most tissues. 47 After its induction by certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, or both, a large amount of NO is produced over a long period of time during the inflammatory process of infectious disease. [48] [49] [50] In this study, 50 of 60 diarrheic calves were evaluated as infectious. Similar to previous studies in humans 50 indicating NO formation, are well documented in patients with SIRS or sepsis, and this alteration contributes to intestinal damage and its consequences. 9 In the present study, significantly higher plasma NO concentration in diarrheic calves with SIRS can also be explained by a similar process ( Figure 4C ).