Author: Heaton, Steven M.; Borg, Natalie A.; Dixit, Vishva M.
Title: Ubiquitin in the activation and attenuation of innate antiviral immunity Document date: 2016_1_11
ID: 42d77vxf_26
Snippet: The TRAFs are six multifunctional adaptor proteins that regulate both NF-κB activation and IFN-I expression via the RLR, NLR, and TLR protein signaling cascades (Fig. 2) . TRAF-mediated signaling outcomes are augmented by ubiquitin, and, excepting TRAF1, all TRAFs possess a RING finger domain and multiple zinc coordination sites, features typical of ubiquitin E3s. K63-linked autoubiquitination at Lys124 is a key activation mechanism of TRAF6 (La.....
Document: The TRAFs are six multifunctional adaptor proteins that regulate both NF-κB activation and IFN-I expression via the RLR, NLR, and TLR protein signaling cascades (Fig. 2) . TRAF-mediated signaling outcomes are augmented by ubiquitin, and, excepting TRAF1, all TRAFs possess a RING finger domain and multiple zinc coordination sites, features typical of ubiquitin E3s. K63-linked autoubiquitination at Lys124 is a key activation mechanism of TRAF6 (Lamothe et al., 2007; Jiao et al., 2015) and possibly TRAF2 (Habelhah et al., 2004) , TRAF4 (Marinis et al., 2012) , and TRAF5 (Zhong et al., 2012) . In vitro TRAF3 ubiquitination assays and analysis of recombinant TRAF3ΔRI NG isolated from mammalian cell lysates are also consistent with an autoubiquitination activation mechanism for TRAF3 (Kayagaki et al., 2007; Zeng et al., 2009) .
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