Implementation System of a Biosurveillance System in the Republic of Korea and Its Legal Ramifications

Kim, Amanda J.; Tak, Sangwoo

Notably, the legal characteristics of biosurveillance in the US have expanded and adapted over time. PAHPRA uses the term ''near real-time'' to emphasize the rapidity of information gathering. This is different from ''as early as possible'' in IRCA. The requirement for near real-time information gathering results in realistic expectations on how far technologies and other necessary tools should be developed. Also, PAHPRA states that a network system for ''2-way information flow'' needs to be created. This is more refined than the preexisting concept of ''data sharing,'' as it requires that information flow among all involved members, instead of some members providing and others receiving information. The emphasis on data integration and a synthesized view is again evident in the National Strategy for Biosurveillance of 2012. The document calls for decision making at all levels compared to the more vertical decision-making system in IRCA. 25 The IDCPA of the ROK has more similarities to the IHR than to US biosurveillance-related legislation. While the IHR involves several verification steps to determine the potential for interference with international trade and travel, the IDCPA requires an epidemiologic investigation and that a case definition of the disease be met, as subsequent procedures can be initiated only after the disease has been categorized.