Applications of gold nanoparticles in virus detection

Draz, Mohamed Shehata; Shafiee, Hadi

It is worth noting that both techniques are among the most novel applications of AuNPs in virus detection. The implementation of AuNPs extends the ability of QCM and ICP-MS to detect DNA. Moreover, AuNP-based ICP-MS is among the most sensitive molecular DNA assays applied for virus detection, with a detection limit down to 80 zmol, which can greatly help to control DENV and other viruses [94] . The bio-barcode ssDNA is released and employed to establish multilayered AuNPs over the electrodes to enhance the produced electric current [72] . (B) Dry-reagent strip-based DNA assay using AuNP-oligo (dT) reporters. AuNPs with poly (dT) are applied to label biotinylated target DNA modified with a poly (dA)-tail pre-captured by immobilized streptavidin in the test zone of the strip and generate characteristic red bands [55] . (C) Single-particle fluorometric detection of HCV using Cy3-tagged ssRNA that is electrostatically adsorbed or covalently coupled through thiol (SH) chemistry to the surface of AuNPs. The coupling of AuNPs and ssRNA probes brings Cy3 in the vicinity of the AuNP surface and eventually results in emission quenching; upon hybridization with the target RNA, the quenched emission is released [55] .