Author: Groeneveld, Geert H; van der Reyden, Tanny J; Joosten, Simone A; Bootsma, Hester J; Cobbaert, Christa M; de Vries, Jutte J C; Kuijper, Ed J; van Dissel, Jaap T
Title: Non-lytic antibiotic treatment in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia does not attenuate inflammation: the PRISTINE trial Document date: 2019_5_18
ID: 19ueli6e_2
Snippet: b-Lactam antibiotics disrupt the bacterial cell wall, causing lysis of the bacterium and subsequent triggering an inflammatory response. A non-lytic antibiotic such as rifampicin causes much less inflammation. 13, 14 As an example, in vitro studies have shown that rifampicin results in less release of LTA and pro-inflammatory compounds from Streptococcus pneumoniae than the b-lactam antibiotics ceftriaxone or meropenem, despite similar bacterial .....
Document: b-Lactam antibiotics disrupt the bacterial cell wall, causing lysis of the bacterium and subsequent triggering an inflammatory response. A non-lytic antibiotic such as rifampicin causes much less inflammation. 13, 14 As an example, in vitro studies have shown that rifampicin results in less release of LTA and pro-inflammatory compounds from Streptococcus pneumoniae than the b-lactam antibiotics ceftriaxone or meropenem, despite similar bacterial killing effects. 14 Furthermore, rifampicin may reduce the inflammatory response by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory pattern recognition receptors. 15 The killing of S. pneumoniae commences instantly after therapeutic drug concentrations are achieved. Therefore, rifampicin-induced non-lytic killing should start before b-lactam lytic killing.
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