Author: Lemaire, D.; Barbosa, T.; Rihet, P.
Title: Coping with genetic diversity: the contribution of pathogen and human genomics to modern vaccinology Document date: 2011_10_28
ID: q2y7fewk_12
Snippet: Pathogens have developed multiple strategies to evade the immune response, and one of the most commonly used is antigenic variation of immune response targets. The genetic variability observed in most microorganisms, especially those that are pathogenic, accounts for the capacity of microbial pathogens to adapt to genetically distinct hosts, different antibiotics, or immune system defense mechanisms (12) . The high intra-species variability is an.....
Document: Pathogens have developed multiple strategies to evade the immune response, and one of the most commonly used is antigenic variation of immune response targets. The genetic variability observed in most microorganisms, especially those that are pathogenic, accounts for the capacity of microbial pathogens to adapt to genetically distinct hosts, different antibiotics, or immune system defense mechanisms (12) . The high intra-species variability is an important limiting factor to the development of vaccines against several diseases such as HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), Plasmodium, and Meningococcus. Genotypic differences among infecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have also been pointed out as potential factors influencing the efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis (17) . This vaccine has been extensively used and studied, and shows wide variation in efficacy among populations and geographic regions worldwide (18) .
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