Deleted in colorectal cancer (netrin-1 receptor) antibodies and limbic encephalitis in a cat with hippocampal necrosis

Hasegawa, Daisuke; Ohnishi, Yumi; Koyama, Eiji; Matsunaga, Satoru; Ohtani, Shouhei; Nakanishi, Akio; Shiga, Takanori; Chambers, James K.; Uchida, Kazuyuki; Yokoi, Norihiko; Fukata, Yuko; Fukata, Masaki

Autoimmune LE is 1 of the common causes of acute repetitive seizures (also referred to as cluster seizures) or status epilepticus in human. 11 have been reported. Autoimmune LE is often associated with neoplasms (paraneoplastic) and the incidence of complications seems to depend on the type of autoantibodies. [11] [12] [13] Voltage-gated potassium channel complex/LGI1 antibodiesassociated LE is the most common autoimmune LE that induces late-onset epilepsy and status epilepticus in humans 8, 9, 11, 12 and occurs in cats. [5] [6] [7] In humans, although 20% of LE with VGKC complex/LGI1 antibodies have occurred along underlying neoplasms such as small-cell lung carcinoma and thymoma, 11,13 most of these were found in non-paraneoplasitc patients. In 1 study of cats, 1 of 5 cats with anti-VGKC LE had papillary adenomas in the lung. 14 In the present case, although no tumor could be confirmed by thoracic and abdominal radiographs, these findings could not necessarily exclude a neoplastic disease. Whole-body necropsy would have been necessary to address this. Therefore, we are not able to define whether there was an association with a neoplasm or not.