Author: Maroun, Justin; Muñoz-Alía, Miguel; Ammayappan, Arun; Schulze, Autumn; Peng, Kah-Whye; Russell, Stephen
Title: Designing and building oncolytic viruses Document date: 2017_3_31
ID: qr1gsmqw_35
Snippet: Virus tropism is determined by many factors, most of which, if understood sufficiently, can be manipulated to enhance tumor specificity. The receptor tropisms of naturally occurring viruses are rarely of interest for tumor targeting, but this is not true for tissue-culture-adapted vaccine lineage viruses, some of which have evolved in the laboratory to use receptors more abundantly expressed on cancer cells. Examples include the CD46 receptor tro.....
Document: Virus tropism is determined by many factors, most of which, if understood sufficiently, can be manipulated to enhance tumor specificity. The receptor tropisms of naturally occurring viruses are rarely of interest for tumor targeting, but this is not true for tissue-culture-adapted vaccine lineage viruses, some of which have evolved in the laboratory to use receptors more abundantly expressed on cancer cells. Examples include the CD46 receptor tropism of vaccine lineage measles virus and the heparan sulfate tropism of laboratory-adapted Sindbis virus [94, 95] . Where greater specificity is desired, it may be possible to engineer new receptor tropisms by modifying the structure of a viral attachment protein, for example, by displaying polypeptide ligands at the extreme C-terminus of the measles H glycoprotein [96, 97] . However, for many viruses, displaying a polypeptide ligand on the surface does no more than redirect attachment and does not confer a new receptor tropism [98] [99] [100] . This remains an area of active investigation.
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