Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Identifies the Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Src as a Crucial Virulence Determinant of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus in Chicken Cells

Li, Hai; Wang, Fengjie; Han, Zongxi; Gao, Qi; Li, Huixin; Shao, Yuhao; Sun, Nana; Liu, Shengwang

The interaction between Src and FAK has been shown to promote the entry of human herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) into target cells (30, 31) . It is possible that Src-FAK cooperation has a similar effect on the cellular entry of ILTV. This assumption is based on the observation that the Src (51) and FAK (52) protein sequences are highly conserved (Ͼ95%) among humans, mice, and chickens. It has also been shown that HSV-1 VP11/12 can directly activate a host Src family kinase (53, 54) , while glycoproteins B, G, and H can activate it indirectly (55, 56) . Immunoprecipitation of the Src/FAK complex, followed by proteomic sequencing in LMH cells infected with ILTV, is needed to directly identify viral proteins that interact with Src/FAK. The ability of these candidate viral proteins to activate Src/FAK can be validated by infecting LMH cells using an ILTV harboring deletions in these genes. Further integrated, genome-wide high-throughput studies combined with a functional analysis of certain host factors may be helpful in exploring the mechanism by which ILTV hijacks host Src/FAK signaling in chicken cells.