Pathogens Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Senegal

Knobbe, Rebecca B; Diallo, Abdallah; Fall, Amary; Gueye, Aida D; Dieng, Assane; van Immerzeel, Tabitha D; Ba, Abou; Diop, Amadou; Diop, Abdoulaye; Niang, Mbayame; Boye, Cheikh SB

Univariate analysis shows that S pneumoniae, RSV, influenza virus A (including H1N1) and B were significantly associated with the occurrence of ARTI (Table 3) (continued) 3.0, CI: 1.2-7.4). Respiratory syncytial virus was only significantly related to illness in children less than 2 years of age. Likewise, the prevalence was higher in this age group. Legionella pneumophila, B pertussis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Coronavirus 229, Coronavirus OC43, Coronavirus HKUI, PIV (parainfluenza virus) 1, PIV 3, PIV 4, human metapneumovirus, and influenza virus C were investigated, but not detected in cases or controls. The prevalence of pathogens in cases and controls is illustrated in Figure 2 . Table 4 shows the prevalence of different co-detections. Streptococcus pneumoniae was found in most of the co-detections (76.0%). It was most frequently found in combination with influenza virus A, in 17 cases. Associations between all possible specific co-detections and illness were analysed, but no additional relationship was found, other than a cumulative association of the present pathogens.