Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for Foodborne Virus Detection

Neethirajan, Suresh; Ahmed, Syed Rahin; Chand, Rohit; Buozis, John; Nagy, Éva

A silicon nanowire field-effect transistor biosensor can detect norovirus DNA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using HNA (HF+HNO3+CH3COOH) to define the nanowire and top-down fabrication [99] . Its sensitivity is increased by covalently modifying the nanowire with DNA probes; and its detection limit reaches 1 fM with a few second response time. The biosensor design facilitates mass manufacturing with its production potency in conventional silicon industry. A label-free split G-quadruplex nano-tweezer can detect norovirus mRNA to detect peroxidase activity and directly produce a signal [100] . The nano-tweezer, with a single signal-transducing molecule, can self-assemble from three single-stranded DNA molecules by simple mixing without any washing steps. It recognises norovirus mRNA specifically and causes the structure to produce a change, which restores its peroxidase activity and produces the detectable signal. Its sensitivity in detection limits is 4 nM, and its design is simple without the need of delicate optimization.