Risk factors for severe bronchiolitis caused by respiratory virus infections among Mexican children in an emergency department

Robledo-Aceves, Mireya; Moreno-Peregrina, María de Jesús; Velarde-Rivera, Fernando; Ascencio-Esparza, Elba; Preciado-Figueroa, Francisco M.; Caniza, Miguela A.; Escobedo-Melendez, Griselda

Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained upon admission from all children with a diagnosis of severe bronchiolitis who were Robledo-Aceves et al. Medicine (2018) 97:9 Medicine enrolled in the study. The presence of respiratory virus was analyzed using a standard procedure. [31] Viruses were placed in viral transport medium and maintained at 4°C. The samples were stored at -80°C until their viral nucleic contents were analyzed. Respiratory viruses were detected and identified using the CLART PneumoVir array assay (Genomica S.A.U., Madrid, Spain) in 3 steps (extraction, amplification, and hybridization array), according to the manufacturer's protocol. This kit is based on 2 end-point multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or PCR amplification and subsequent DNA microarray (hybridization) detection. This assay detects single or mixed infections with 17 different respiratory viruses: adenovirus; bocavirus; coronavirus; enterovirus (echovirus); influenza A virus H1N1/2009; influenza viruses A, B, and C; metapneumoviruses A and B; parainfluenza viruses (PIV) type 1, 2, 3, 4A, and 4B; rhinoviruses; and RSV A and B. Sensitivity and specificity values of 90% or more are reported per the manufacturer.