Author: Liao, Pei-Yu; Choi, Yong Seok; Dinman, Jonathan D.; Lee, Kelvin H.
                    Title: The many paths to frameshifting: kinetic modelling and analysis of the effects of different elongation steps on programmed –1 ribosomal frameshifting  Document date: 2010_9_7
                    ID: wwq0sd2r_41
                    
                    Snippet: In the presence of chloramphenicol, a 2.1-fold increase in FS% exp was observed while the fraction of FS m was not significantly different compared to the culture condition without the chemical (Figure 9a) . The model predicts that k pt has a relatively smaller effect on FS% and the fraction of FS m than r t and k pas2 (Figure 8) . A dual fluorescence reporter can sensitively detect small changes in FS% in E. coli and mammalian cells (27, 30, 41).....
                    
                    
                    
                     
                    
                    
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                Document: In the presence of chloramphenicol, a 2.1-fold increase in FS% exp was observed while the fraction of FS m was not significantly different compared to the culture condition without the chemical (Figure 9a) . The model predicts that k pt has a relatively smaller effect on FS% and the fraction of FS m than r t and k pas2 (Figure 8) . A dual fluorescence reporter can sensitively detect small changes in FS% in E. coli and mammalian cells (27, 30, 41) . On the other hand, analysing the composition of the frameshift products relies on multiple manipulations including protein purification, gel electrophoresis, in-gel digestion, Table 1 ). liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The multistage preparation may thus affect sample yields, complicating the detection of small changes in protein composition.
 
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