2017 ACVIM Forum Research Abstract Program

Anemic dogs had a significantly lower GPx activity (43.1 x 10 3 U/L +/-1.6 x 10 3 ) than dogs in the control group (76.0 x 10 3 U/L +/-1.9 x 10 3 ) (P < 0.01) indicating inactivation of GPx activity and depletion of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Further, dogs with a hemolytic anemia had lower mean GPx activity when compared to dogs with non-hemolytic anemia, but this difference did not reach significance (P = 0.51). However, this may suggest that the degree of oxidative stress may be more severe with hemolysis. TAC concentrations (P = 0.10) and urinary F2-isoprostanes (P = 0.75) did not significantly differ between groups. This is the first study in veterinary medicine demonstrating a glutathione peroxidase deficiency and subsequent oxidative stress in anemic dogs. Further studies are warranted to determine if antioxidant supplementation would improve survival and overall outcome as part of a therapeutic regimen for anemic states, especially those with hemolysis. Yunnan Baiyao is a popular Chinese herbal medicinal agent that has been used for its anti-inflammatory properties, hemostatic properties and wound healing properties in people for approximately a century. It has been recommended for use in dogs to control hemorrhage such as epistaxis or with splenic hemangiosarcoma. However there have been no studies evaluating the safety of Yunnan Baiyao for use in dogs and there have been no in vivo studies on the effect of Yunnan baiyao on coagulation parameters in healthy dogs. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on the kinetics of hemostasis and to determine if there are any adverse effects associated with the administration of Yunnan Baiyao to healthy dogs. This study used six healthy purpose bred dogs. Baseline evaluation included a complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, urinalysis, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and hemostatic kinetics using ROTEM thromboelastrometry (EXTEM, INTEM, FIBTEM). ROTEM parameters assessed included clotting time, clot formation, clot stability and clot lysis. The dogs were administered oral Yunnan baiyao at a dose of 25 mg/kg orally once daily for 6 days. On day 2, day 4 and day 6 ROTEM thromboelastometry was again performed on all dogs. On day 6 a complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, urinalysis, prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time was also performed on each dog. No significant changes were noted with treatment in any of the parameters monitored. No significant change in clotting times (P > 0.2), clot formation time (P > 0.2), and clot formation rate (P > 0.2) were noted when pre-treatment ROTEM values and post treatment ROTEM values were compared. From the results of this study we can conclude that Yunnan Baiyao is safe for administration to dogs and does not result in significant changes to baseline health parameters or coagulation parameters in healthy dogs. We hypothesized that NETs form during storage of canine RBCs, that prestorage LR reduces NETosis, and that application of supernatant from stored, non-leukoreduced (NLR) RBC units would induce NETosis in healthy canine neutrophils.