2017 ACVIM Forum Research Abstract Program

sary trials for its rise as drug, allowing an increase in the existing therapeutic protocols. Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is one of the most common congenital heart defects in dogs, affecting various canine breeds including English and French Bulldogs (FB). PS has been extensively described in English bulldogs. However, to the best of our knowledge, no specific study has been dedicated to PS in FB. The objective of this prospective observational study was therefore to document the epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features, and risk factors for death in FB with PS. The study population consisted of 66 FB. In most cases (53/66, 80%), at least 2 obstructive lesions were observed (most commonly (42/66, 64%) valvular and supravalvular), using color-flow Doppler mode and 3-dimensional echocardiography. The median Doppler-derived peak transvalvular pulmonary gradient (DG) was high: 170 mmHg (lower-upper quartiles: 139-223 mmHg), with a DG ≥200 mmHg in 33% of FB. Among the 51 FB for which a follow-up was available, 21/51 (41%) died, 67% (14/ 21) of all deaths being cardiac-related (CD) at a median age of 3.5 years. In univariate analyses, age (HR=2.2 per 1 year; P = 0.02), clinical signs at presentation (HR=3.7; P = 0.03), DG (HR=1.2 per 10 mmHg; P = 0.01), right ventricle dilation (HR=5.0; P = 0.04), moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (HR=7.6; P < 0.01), and right-sided congestive heart failure (HR=4.8; P = 0.05) were significantly associated with time to CD. After adjustment for age and DG, tricuspid regurgitation remained significantly associated with time to CD (HR=5.1; P = 0.02). In conclusion, PS in FB are commonly severe and complex, with tricuspid regurgitation being an independent predictor of CD. Accurate measurements are integral for device selection and sizing to minimize complications associated with minimally invasive transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), in particular regarding minimal ductal diameter (MDD) to device ratio depending on method of measurement. Standard measurements are typically obtained with two dimensional (2D) angiography and echocardiography. The aims of this study were to characterize PDA dimensions including MDD, ampulla diameter 3 mm above the MDD and morphology based on right lateral angiography, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) from the right and left imaging windows and 2D, biplane, and 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).