Cassiae semen: A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology

Dong, Xiaoxv; Fu, Jing; Yin, Xingbin; Yang, Chunjing; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Wenping; Du, Xueying; Wang, Qingling; Ni, Jian

Naphthopyrones. Naphthopyrones are the other characteristic components in Cassiae semen. In 1969, torachrysone, rubrofusarin and rubrofusarin-6-O-β-D-gentiobioside were isolated from C. tora seeds (compounds 47-49, respectively; Fig. 2 ) (47, 48) . Subsequently, toralactone, rubrofusarin triglucoside, cassiaside, nor-rubrofusarin gentiobioside, cassiaside B, cassiaside C, torachrysone apiglucoside, torachrysone gentiobioside, torachrysone tetraglucoside, cassiatoroside, demethylflavasperone gentiobioside and cassialactone gentiobioside were isolated from C. tora seeds (compounds 50-61, respectively; Fig. 2 ) (17, 28, (49) (50) (51) . In addition, cassiaside B and cassiaside C were identified in the seeds of C. obtusifolia (52) . Other naphthopyrones, including torosachrysone, isotoralactone, cassialactone, cassiaside B 2 , cassiaside C 2 , nor-rubrofusarin Volatile oils. Li (56) extracted the volatile oils from Cassiae semen by steam distillation, and subsequently identified 37 components according to the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Among these peaks, the major volatile components were 9-octadecenoic acid (E) (22.15%), n-hexadecanoic acid (12.53%), 9,10-anthracenedione, 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl (7.66%), octadecanoic acid (4.56%) and 13-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (Z) (3.84%) (56) .