Gene Expression Profile during Chondrogenesis in Human Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells using a cDNA Microarray

Yoo, Hyun Jung; Yoon, Sung Soo; Park, Seon Yang; Lee, Eun Young; Lee, Eun Bong; Kim, Ju Han; Song, Yeong Wook

Heat shock transcription factor-2 (HSF-2) has been shown to be a transcriptional regulator of heat shock protein gene expression during the differentiation and development of eukaryotic cells in a tissue dependent manner (17) . HSF-2 plays an important role in FGF-2 stimulated osteoclast formation, and HSF-2 deficiency was found to modulate gene expression in stromal/ preosteoblast cells and affect osteoclastogenesis in the bone microenvironment (18) . Annexins bind to negatively charged phos- pholipids in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner and have a conserved structure. The human annexin, annexin A2 (alternative names: annexin II, p36, and lipocortin II) is expressed abundantly in various human organs, including the placenta, lungs, heart, and liver (19) . At the cellular level, annexin A2 is expressed on endothelial cell surfaces and acts as a co-receptor for plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator (20) . Furthermore, annexins are commonly dysregulated in cancer (21) and annexin A2 is upregulated in a variety of tumors and cancer cell lines (22, 23) . Contactin-1 is a cell surface adhesion molecule, which is normally expressed by neurons, oligodendrocytes, and human astrocytic gliomas (24, 25) . Previous studies have reported that MSCs express IL-15, essential hematopoietic growth factor (26, 27) and IL-15 is also a potent apoptosis inhibitor and has many immunomodulatory activities (28) . The Serotonin receptor 7 is the most recently identified member of the serotonin receptor family and is found in brain, mainly in the hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, and cortex (29) .