Identification of Urinary CD44 and Prosaposin as Specific Biomarkers of Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Neurogenic Bladders

Forster, Catherine S; Haffey, Wendy D; Bennett, Michael; Greis, Kenneth D; Devarajan, Prasad

The remaining samples in the initial cohort, excluding those used in the protein identification stage, were used to measure the proteins of interest, including non-secretory ribonuclease (RNase2) (MyBiosource LLC, San Diego, CA), prosaposin, CD44, and Apolipoprotein D (Lifespan Biosciences, Seattle, WA). Commercially available assay kits were used to measure the candidate proteins in the remaining samples. Urine creatinine, measured by nephelometry, was used for standardization. For values below the limit of detection (LOD) for each of the proteins, we imputed a standardized value of ( ( ) 2 × LOD)/2 .