Author: Jasenosky, Luke D.; Cadena, Cristhian; Mire, Chad E.; Borisevich, Viktoriya; Haridas, Viraga; Ranjbar, Shahin; Nambu, Aya; Bavari, Sina; Soloveva, Veronica; Sadukhan, Supriya; Cassell, Gail H.; Geisbert, Thomas W.; Hur, Sun; Goldfeld, Anne E.
Title: The FDA-Approved Oral Drug Nitazoxanide Amplifies Host Antiviral Responses and Inhibits Ebola Virus Document date: 2019_8_8
ID: yomg30hg_7
Snippet: RIG-I and MDA5 differentially recognize distinct viral RNA signatures (Kato et al., 2006) . RIG-I preferentially recognizes 5 0 triphosphosphorylated short dsRNA structures typically generated by negative-strand RNA viruses, whereas MDA5 recognizes longer dsRNA structures (Kato et al., 2008; Schlee et al., 2009) . To more precisely distinguish NTZ's effects on these RNA sensors, we next tested the effect of NTZ on a more specific RIG-I stimulus b.....
Document: RIG-I and MDA5 differentially recognize distinct viral RNA signatures (Kato et al., 2006) . RIG-I preferentially recognizes 5 0 triphosphosphorylated short dsRNA structures typically generated by negative-strand RNA viruses, whereas MDA5 recognizes longer dsRNA structures (Kato et al., 2008; Schlee et al., 2009) . To more precisely distinguish NTZ's effects on these RNA sensors, we next tested the effect of NTZ on a more specific RIG-I stimulus by using a short (42 bp) 5 0 phosphorylated synthetic dsRNA (1AB) (Peisley et al., 2013) . We found that IFN-b reporter activity was also significantly enhanced by NTZ in the RIG-I-overexpressing cells that were stimulated with 1AB ( Figure 1B, left panel) . Furthermore, endogenous IFN-b mRNA synthesis was significantly enhanced by NTZ pretreatment before 1AB stimulation of 293T cells ( Figure 1B , right panel).
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