Public knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19: An online cross-sectional study in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir

Gupta, Chandani; Gupta, Riya; Kumari, Rashmi; Gupta, Rajiv Kumar; Bhagat, Preeti; Mir, Mehak T; Nazir, Heena; Raina, Sunil Kumar

BACKGROUND: COVID-19, since its emergence, has become a global health problem with countries adopting unprecedented measures to control the spread of this pandemic. Adherence of the populations to control measures is affected by their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards the disease. It was with this aim that the present study was conducted among the residents of UT of J&K to assess their KAP toward COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional online survey of 464 J&K residents was conducted between 1(st) May and 10(th) May 2020. Survey Monkey tool was used to develop a link and KAP questionnaire was used for data collection. The survey instrument consisted of demographic characteristics, 11 items on knowledge, 5 items on attitudes, and 7 items on practices. Data collected was represented in descriptive statistics, and one-way analysis of variance was the test of significance. RESULTS: Mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 7.69 ± 0.74, 4.70 ± 0.57, and 4.32 ± 0.68, respectively, among the respondents. Majority (99%) knew the sign and symptoms, mode of transmission of the disease and avoided attending large gatherings. Use of mask was almost universal and about 38% were taking supplements like vitamins or herbal medicines. Good knowledge, positive attitude, and appropriate practices among the respondents about COVID-19 suggest that community based health education programs play a key role in containment and mitigation of this disease. CONCLUSION: Sustained messaging and updates from the national and local health authorities on COVID-19 to the public are likely to help control the transmission of the disease.