Development and Evaluation of an AI System for COVID-19

Cheng Jin; Weixiang Chen; Yukun Cao; Zhanwei Xu; Xin Zhang; Lei Deng; Chuansheng Zheng; Jie Zhou; Heshui Shi; Jianjiang Feng

According to all the extracted features, we can describe in depth the relationship between the medical findings and typical patterns. I) Halo pattern and anti-halo pattern were easily formed in the attentional regions. The halo pattern was speculated to be that the lesions (mainly the central node of the lobular) infiltrated into the surrounding interstitium and developed the aggregation of inflammatory cells in the interstitium. Anti-halo pattern is of the center of the ground glass shadow, almost completely surrounding by the high-density consolidation. The appearance of this sign may be that the inflammatory repair is dominated by the edge, leading to the formation of a band shadow tending to consolidation at the edge, while the central repair is relatively slow. II) The attentional region presents pleural parallel signs. The formation mechanism was speculated as follows: when the SARS-Cov2 invaded the interstitium around the alveoli, the lymphatic return direction was subpleural and interlobular septa, and diffused into pleural side and bilateral interlobular septum [34] . Because of the limitation of the pleura at the distal end, the lymph can only cling to the pleura and spread along the reticular structure of the interlobular septal margin on both sides. In addition, the fusion of the subpleural lesions results in the long axis of the lesions parallel to the pleura. III) Vascular thickening was found in the attentional region, which was consistent with the rules of inflammation production, inflammatory stimulation, increased vascular permeability, telangiectasia, further pulmonary artery thickening [33, 35] . IV) The fine mesh feature of large area develops in the attentional region. The SARS-Cov2 mainly invades the interstitium in the lobules, so it appears as confluent fine mesh (crazy paving). V) The density of the ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the attentional regions increases, transforming to consolidation, the consolidation edges are flat or contracted, and fiber strands appear. These are all signs of disease outcome. In addition, when multiple regions of attention are recognized in the lungs of 20 . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.