About the patent system in foreign countries and in russia (Historical and legal aspect)

Afanasyev, D. V.

Problems in the field of patenting have arisen since the issuance of the first patents even before the adoption of patent legislation. The discussion of the patent issue has received a new impetus in connection with the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and the vaccine being developed against it. The article describes the essence of the patent system. The first court case of 1602, adopted in England against monopolies even before the adoption of the first legislative act on patents (the statute “On monopolies” of 1623), is presented. The author has discovered the origins of such patent law institutions as the inventive level (non-obviousness, inventive step), compulsory licenses and utility models. © 2021, Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.