Author: Cervantes-Alvarez, E.; Limon-de la Rosa, N.; Salgado-de la Mora, M.; Valdez-Sandoval, P.; Palacios-Jimenez, M.; Rodriguez-Alvarez, F.; Vera-Maldonado, B. I.; Aguirre-Aguilar, E.; Escobar-Valderrama, J. M.; Alanis-Mendizabal, J.; Mendez-Guerrero, O.; Tejeda-Dominguez, F.; Torres-Ruiz, J.; Gomez-Martin, D.; Colborn, K. L.; Kershenobich, D.; Huang, C. A.; Navarro-Alvarez, N.
Title: Galectin-3 as a potential prognostic biomarker of severe COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients Cord-id: 1dodpq18 Document date: 2021_2_9
ID: 1dodpq18
Snippet: BACKGROUND: Prognostic biomarkers are needed to identify patients at high-risk for severe COVID-19. Galectin-3 is known to drive neutrophil infiltration and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to airway inflammation. METHODS: In this prospective cohort, we assessed galectin-3 levels in 156 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. COVID-19 patients were diagnosed as either critical (>50% lung damage) or moderate (<50% of lung damage) based on computerized tomography. Patients
Document: BACKGROUND: Prognostic biomarkers are needed to identify patients at high-risk for severe COVID-19. Galectin-3 is known to drive neutrophil infiltration and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to airway inflammation. METHODS: In this prospective cohort, we assessed galectin-3 levels in 156 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. COVID-19 patients were diagnosed as either critical (>50% lung damage) or moderate (<50% of lung damage) based on computerized tomography. Patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and/or died during hospitalization were categorized as having a severe outcome, and non-severe outcome if they were discharged and none of the former occurred. RESULTS: Elevated serum galectin-3 was significantly higher in critical patients compared to moderate ones (35.91 {+/-} 19.37 ng/mL vs. 25 {+/-} 14.85 ng/mL, p<0.0001). Patients who progressed to a severe outcome including IMV and/or in-hospital death, presented higher galectin-3 levels (41.17 ng/mL [IQR 29.71 - 52.25] vs. 23.76 ng/mL [IQR 15.78 - 33.97] compared to those of a non-severe outcome, p<0.0001). Galectin-3 discriminated well between those with severe and non-severe outcome, with an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI 0.67 - 0.84, p<0.0001)and was found to be an independent predictor of severe outcome regardless of the percentage of lung involvement. Additionally, the combination of galectin-3, CRP and albumin, significantly improved its individual predicting ability with an AUC 0.84 (95% CI 0.77 - 0.91, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Circulating galectin-3 levels can be used to predict severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients, including the requirement of mechanical ventilation and/or death, regardless of the initial severity of the disease.
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