First case of SARS-COV-2 sequencing in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with suspected demyelinating disease

Domingues, Renan Barros; Mendes-Correa, Maria Cássia; de Moura Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira; Salarini, Diego Zanotti; Claro, Ingra; Santos, Daniel Wagner; de Jesus, Jaqueline Goes; Ferreira, Noely Evangelista; Romano, Camila Malta; Soares, Carlos Augusto Senne

The association between coronaviruses and central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating lesions has been previously shown. However, no case has been described of an association between the novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) and CNS demyelinating disease so far. SARS-COV-2 was previously detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample of a patient with encephalitis. However, the virus identity was not confirmed by deep sequencing of SARS-COV-2 detected in the CSF. Here, we report a case of a patient with mild respiratory symptoms and neurological manifestations compatible with clinically isolated syndrome. The viral genome of SARS-COV-2 was detected and sequenced in CSF with 99.74–100% similarity between the patient virus and worldwide sequences. This report suggests a possible association of SARS-COV-2 infection with neurological symptoms of demyelinating disease, even in the absence of relevant upper respiratory tract infection signs.