Development and Evaluation of an AI System for COVID-19

Cheng Jin; Weixiang Chen; Yukun Cao; Zhanwei Xu; Xin Zhang; Lei Deng; Chuansheng Zheng; Jie Zhou; Heshui Shi; Jianjiang Feng

The copyright holder for this preprint . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.20.20039834 doi: medRxiv preprint of attentional region are generally 0-20 pixels (2.5 mm/pixel) from the pleura (Figure 8 a) , which is consistent with anatomical findings on COVID-19. The SARS-Cov2 is small (60-140 nm in diameter), and when inhaled through the airways, it mainly invades the deep bronchioles, causes inflammation of the bronchioles and their surroundings to damage alveolar [27, 28] . Also, from the pathophysiology and etiology [29] [30] [31] , the SARS-Cov2 mainly invades the bronchioles and lung parenchyma. Lesions tend to occur in the lower and peripheral areas of the lung with abundant capillaries and lymphatics. These areas have well-established immune system and well-developed pulmonary lobules, leading to a strong inflammatory response [32, 33] . Secondly, fractal dimensions of most regional contour are between 1.95-2.00, shows a tortuous outline and conforms to the diffuse description, which corresponds to the fact that most of the cases in the dataset are at early or developmental stage. A few distributions are between 1.87-1.89, the overall contour of attentional regions are smoother or sub-parts are flat and narrow. The appearance of partial flatness at the boundary of the attentional region is a sign of consolidation, indicating the lesion is in the mend. Finally, we obtained some findings on the texture (homogeneity and heterogeneity) of the attentional regions that features for normal and lesion regions show different distributions (Figure 6 b, c) .