Resveratrol And Pterostilbene Potently Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Replication In Vitro

ter Ellen, Bram M.; Kumar, Nilima Dinesh; Bouma, Ellen M.; Troost, Berit; van de Pol, Denise P.I.; van der Ende-Metselaar, Heidi H.; Apperloo, Leonie; van Gosliga, Djoke; van den Berge, Maarten; Nawijn, Martijn C.; van der Voort, Peter H.J.; Moser, Jill; Rodenhuis-Zybert, Izabela A.; Smit, Jolanda M.

The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has an enormous impact on human health and economy. In search for therapeutic options, researchers have proposed resveratrol, a food supplement with known antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as an advantageous antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we provide evidence that both resveratrol and its metabolically more stable structural analog, pterostilbene, exhibit potent antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Resveratrol and pterostilbene showed antiviral activity in African green monkey kidney cells and in human primary bronchial epithelial cells cultured in an air-liquid interface system. Both compounds actively inhibit virus replication within infected cells as reduced virus progeny production was observed when the compound was added at post-inoculation conditions. Without replenishment of the compound, antiviral activity was observed up to roughly 5 rounds of replication, demonstrating the long-lasting effect of these compounds. Collectively, our data indicate that resveratrol and pterostilbene are promising antiviral compounds to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because these results represent laboratory findings in cells, we advocate evaluation of these compounds in clinical trials before statements are made whether or not these drugs are advantageous for COVID-19 treatment.