DNA breaks-mediated cost reveals RNase HI as a new target for selectively eliminating antibiotic resistance

Roberto Balbontín; Nelson Frazão; Isabel Gordo

s) or the presence (white bars) of arabinose. Error bars represent mean ± standard deviation of independent biological replicates (n=3). N.S. non-significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 (two-tailed Student's t test). The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. . https://doi.org/10.1101/756767 doi: bioRxiv preprint Figure S6 . Strong overproduction of RNase HI increases cost and SOS induction in all the backgrounds. SOS induction (top) and fitness cost (bottom), of sensitive bacteria (left), two single resistant mutants (center) and the double mutant combining these two alleles (right) in LB broth at 4h (A) or 24h (B) in a background harboring a plasmid carrying a copy of the RNase HI gene (rnhA) under the control of a promoter inducible by anhydrotetracycline, either in the absence (white bars) or the presence of different concentrations of the inducer (greyscale, from light grey to black bars). Error bars represent mean ± standard deviation of independent biological replicates (n≥2). N.S. non-significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 (twotailed Student's t test). The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. . https://doi.org/10.1101/756767 doi: bioRxiv preprint Figure S7 . Costly single mutants show increased SOS induction. SOS induction (blue bars) and fitness cost (red bars), of sensitive bacteria (left) and two costly single resistant mutants (center and right). Error bars represent mean ± standard deviation of independent biological replicates (n=3). N.S. non-significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 (two-tailed Student's t test). The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. . https://doi.org/10.1101/756767 doi: bioRxiv preprint