Personal Protective Equipment Use by Healthcare Workers in Intensive Care Unit During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Japan: Comparative Analysis With the PPE‐SAFE Survey

Unoki, Takeshi; Tamoto, Mitsuhiro; Ouchi, Akira; Sakuramoto, Hideaki; Nakayama, Asami; Katayama, Yukiko; Miyazaki, Satoko; Yamada, Toru; Fujitani, Shigeki; Nishida, Osamu; Tabah, Alexis

AIM: We investigated personal protective equipment (PPE) use and its shortage, training, and adverse events among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the intensive care unit (ICU) during the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic in Japan and compared the results with an international survey that used the same methodology. METHODS: This web‐based survey was conducted from April 14 to May 6, 2020, in Japan and included HCWs directly involved in ICU management of COVID‐19 patients. A survey invitation was emailed using the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine’s mailing list. RESULTS: We analyzed 460 valid responses from among 976 responses. The N95/FFP2 mask (77%) was most frequently used than in the international study, although half of our respondents reported reuse of single‐use N95/FFP2 masks. The median duration (1 hour) of uninterrupted PPE use per shift was less than that in the international study. The commonest PPE‐related adverse event was experiencing intense heat (75%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that being a nurse was independently associated with experiencing intense heat. CONCLUSION: PPE shortage and frequent mask reuse were prevalent during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan. Intense heat is the most significant symptom, especially for nurses, even with short‐duration PPE use. Strategies to protect HCWs from dehydration and intense heat stroke are needed.