Molecular modeling of potent novel sulfonamide derivatives as non-peptide small molecule anti-COVID 19 agents

Pradhan, Sayantan; Prasad, Ramesh; Sinha, Chittaranjan; Sen, Prosenjit

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for the COVID-19. The Sulfonamides groups have been widely introduced in several drugs, especially for their antibacterial activities and generally prescribed for respiratory infections. On the other hand, imidazole groups have the multipotency to act as drugs, including antiviral activity. We have used a structure-based drug design approach to design some imidazole derivatives of sulfonamide, which can efficiently bind to the active site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and thus may have the potential to inhibit its proteases activity. We conducted molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to observe the stability and flexibility of inhibitor complexes. We have checked ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) and drug-likeness rules to scrutinize toxicity and then designed the most potent compound based on computational chemistry. Our small predicted molecule non-peptide protease inhibitors could provide a useful model in the further search for novel compounds since it has many advantages over peptidic drugs, like lower side effects, toxicity and less chance of drug resistance. Further, we confirmed the stability of our inhibitor-complex and interaction profile through the Molecular dynamics simulation study. Our small predicted molecule Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma