Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the movement behaviors of children and youth: A scoping review of evidence after the first year.

Paterson, Derek C; Ramage, Katelynn; Moore, Sarah A; Riazi, Negin; Tremblay, Mark S; Faulkner, Guy

OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review was to systematically summarize the available literature investigating the relationships between the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) of school-aged children (aged 5-11 years) and youth (aged 12-17 years) in the first year of the COVID-19 virus outbreak. METHODS Searches for published literature were conducted across 6 databases on 2 separate search dates (November 25th 2020 and January 27th 2021). Results were screened and extracted by 2 reviewers (DCP and KR) independently using Covidence. Basic numeric analysis and content analysis were undertaken to thematically present the findings of included studies according to the associated impact on each movement behavior. RESULTS A total of 1489 records were extracted from database searches; of those, 150 met inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Out of 150 articles, 110 were empirical studies examining physical activity (n = 77), sedentary behavior/screen time (n = 58), and sleep (n = 55). Results consistently reported declines in physical activity time, increases in screen time and total sedentary behavior, shifts to later bed and wake times, and increases in sleep duration. The reported impacts on movement behaviors were greater for youth than for children. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic is related to changes in the quantity and nature of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among children and youth. There is an urgent need for policy makers, practitioners, and researchers to develop solutions for attenuating adverse changes in physical activity and screen time among children and youth.