Association of D-dimer elevation with inflammation and organ dysfunction in ICU patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective observational study

Zhang, Wang; Sang, Ling; Shi, Jiaran; Zhong, Ming; Jiang, Li; Song, Bin; Kang, Liang; Zhang, Yun; Zhang, Dingyu; Yu, Yunsong; Zheng, Xia

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated coagulation dysfunction is gaining attention. In particular, dynamic changes in the D-dimer level may be related to disease progression. Here, we explored whether elevated D-dimer level was related to multiple organ failure and a higher risk of death. This study included 158 patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, China between January 20, 2020 and February 26, 2020. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. The relationship between D-dimer elevation and organ dysfunction was analyzed, as were dynamic changes in inflammation and lipid metabolism. Approximately 63.9% of patients with COVID-19 had an elevated D-dimer level on ICU admission. The 14 day ICU mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with a high D-dimer level than in those with a normal D-dimer level. Patients with a D-dimer level of 10-40μg/mL had similar organ function on ICU admission to those with a D-dimer level of 1.5–10μg/mL. However, patients with higher levels of D-dimer developed organ injuries within 7 days. Furthermore, significant differences in inflammation and lipid metabolism markers were observed between the two groups. In conclusion, the D-dimer level is closely related to COVID-19 severity and might influence the likelihood of rapid onset of organ injury after admission.