Corona doubt and scepticism: repression and denial as psychological defence mechanisms to process distress?

Teufel, Martin; Schweda, Adam; Kohler, Hannah; Musche, Venja; Fink, Madeleine; Weismüller, Benjamin; Moradian, Sheila; Skoda, Eva-Maria; Bäuerle, Alexander

After more than a year of pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2) remains a relevant health care and society issue. Movements doubting the dangerousness or the existence of the virus have emerged and became a challenge to social cohesion. About 3487 individuals (434 Corona doubters and 3053 non-doubters) have participated in an online survey (predominat age group: 35–45 years). Particularly, COVID-19-related anxiety, generalized anxiety (Generalizied Anxiety Disorder Screener, GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-2) and functional/adherent safety behaviour were assessed. COVID-19 doubters describe less functional safety behaviour. Fear of the virus is evident, similar to non-doubters. Generalized anxiety and depression were significantly higher in doubters. Repression and denial as psychological defence mechanisms could be the unconscious psychological strategy for coping with the distress variables. The results point out that public strategies may only be successful in managing opinions and beliefs if they address fears and worries.