Daily Reciprocity and Well-being: A Diary Study of Intergenerational Support between Mothers and Adult Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jiang, Da; Fung, Helene H

OBJECTIVES: Intergenerational support between aging parents and adult children is important to the well-being of both groups, especially during public health emergencies. However, few previous studies have examined the effects of daily support between parents and children on their well-being during public health emergencies. To fill in this gap, we examined the association between daily support and well-being in mothers and their adult children during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Seventy-seven pairs of mothers (aged 44–80 years, M = 53.78, SD = 9.57) and adult children (aged 18–54 years, M = 26.61, SD = 9.46; 19% male) in mainland China participated in a 14-day daily diary study during a 14-day stay-at-home period. All of the participants reported the daily emotional and instrumental support they had given to and received from their mother/child each day for 14 consecutive days. Their daily positive affect and negative affect were also measured. RESULTS: Receiving more support on a given day was associated with providing more support on that day, suggesting a daily reciprocity. This finding was consistent across mothers and children. A lower level of being under-benefitted on a day was associated with better daily well-being of children, but not that of mothers. Providing support, but not receiving support, was positively associated with mothers’ daily well-being, whereas receiving support, but not providing support, was positively associated with children’s daily well-being. DISCUSSION: This study provides evidence of daily intergenerational support during a global public health emergency. The findings shed light on the importance of daily reciprocity and its implications for well-being.