Comparative evaluation of a laboratory-developed real-time PCR assay and RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit for quantitative detection of human adenovirus

Wong, Samson S. Y.; Yip, Cyril C. Y.; Sridhar, Siddharth; Leung, Kit-Hang; Cheng, Andrew K. W.; Fung, Ami M. Y.; Lam, Ho-Yin; Chan, Kwok-Hung; Chan, Jasper F. W.; Cheng, Vincent C. C.; Tang, Bone S. F.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung

BACKGROUND: Human adenoviruses are common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract and enteric infections. Severe disseminated infections with high mortality rates may be seen in immunocompromised individuals. An accurate and cost-effective quantitative assay is essential not only for laboratory diagnosis of adenoviral infections, but also for monitoring of response to antiviral treatment. The diagnostic performance of an in-house quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was compared to a commercial system. METHODS: The analytical sensitivity, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy of an in-house adenovirus quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were evaluated against the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), using 122 clinical specimens and 18 proficiency testing samples. RESULTS: Linear regression analysis of the quantitative results by the in-house assay showed the dynamic range from 2.60 to 9 log(10) (plasma) and 2.94 to 9 log(10) (viral transport medium) copies/mL, with the coefficient of determination (R(2)) of 0.996 and 0.998, respectively. A dilution series demonstrated the limits of detection and lower limits of quantification for plasma were 2.06 log(10) and 2.60 log(10) copies/mL and those for viral transport medium were 2.31 log(10) and 2.94 log(10) copies/mL respectively. The precision of the in-house assay was highly reproducible among runs with coefficients of variance ranging from 0.07 to 3.21% for plasma and 0.17% to 2.11% for viral transport medium. A comparison of 52 matched samples showed an excellent correlation between the quantitative viral loads measured by the in-house assay and the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (R(2) = 0.984), with an average bias of − 0.16 log(10) copies/mL. CONCLUSIONS: The in-house adenovirus assay is a sensitive and reliable assay with lower cost for the detection and quantification of adenoviral DNA when compared to the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-1059-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.