Acute Severe Asthma in Adolescent and Adult Patients: Current Perspectives on Assessment and Management

Kostakou, Eirini; Kaniaris, Evangelos; Filiou, Effrosyni; Vasileiadis, Ioannis; Katsaounou, Paraskevi; Tzortzaki, Eleni; Koulouris, Nikolaos; Koutsoukou, Antonia; Rovina, Nikoletta

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is associated with variable expiratory flow, variable respiratory symptoms, and exacerbations which sometimes require hospitalization or may be fatal. It is not only patients with severe and poorly controlled asthma that are at risk for an acute severe exacerbation, but this has also been observed in patients with otherwise mild or moderate asthma. This review discusses current aspects on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of acute severe asthma exacerbations and provides the current perspectives on the management of acute severe asthma attacks in the emergency department and the intensive care unit.