COVID-19: Auswirkungen auf Lunge und Herz

Ackermann, Maximilian; Werlein, Christopher; Länger, Florian; Kühnel, Mark P.; Jonigk, Danny D.

Viral respiratory diseases constitute the most common reasons for hospitalization with more than half of all acute illnesses worldwide. Progressive respiratory failure with pronounced diffuse alveolar damage has been identified as the primary cause of death in COVID-19. COVID-19 pneumonia shares common histopathological hallmarks with influenza (H1N1)-related ARDS, like diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with edema, hemorrhage, and intra-alveolar fibrin deposition. The lungs with COVID-19 pneumonia revealed perivascular inflammation, an endothelial injury, microangiopathy, and an aberrant blood vessel neoformation by intussusceptive angiogenesis. While this pronounced angiocentric inflammation is likely be found – to varying degrees – in numerous other organs, e.g., the heart, COVID-19 is hypothesized to be not just a pulmonary, but rather a systemic “vascular disease.”