Document: Introducción: La dieta mediterránea (DMed) reduce la morbimortalidad. El confinamiento ocurrido en España entre los meses de marzo y mayo de 2020 podrÃa generar cambios conductuales, entre ellos la adherencia a la DMed. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido valorar la citada adherencia al concluir dicho confinamiento y compararla con la situación previa al mismo. Métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron mediante dos cuestionarios en lÃnea uno al comienzo del confinamiento y otro al final, en personas adultas procedentes de población española, las cuales respondieron de forma anónima y voluntaria. La valoración de la adherencia a la DMed se realizó a través de dos cuestionarios: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) y PREDIMED modificado, los cuales contenÃan 14 cuestiones cada uno. Otras variables incluidas fueron: edad, género, Ãndice de masa corporal (IMC), Comunidad Autónoma de procedencia, tipo de convivencia en domicilio y nivel de estudios alcanzado. Al concluir el confinamiento la comparación entre los cambios se realizó con el estadÃstico t de Student y la prueba de McNemar. Resultados: Participaron 207 personas (137 mujeres), edad media de 51,3±12,4 años, intervalo de edad: 20-83 años. Transcurrido el confinamiento el IMC permaneció sin cambios (24,55±3,7 kg/m2 inicial y 24,57±3,7 kg/m2 final, p=0,752), y sà el consumo de pescado (51,2% inicial y 60,9% al final, p=0,003) a expensas fundamentalmente de las mujeres y la adherencia a la DMed, aumentando la puntuación total por término medio tanto en MEDAS (10,6±2,0) al inicio y 10,57±2,0 al final; p=0,001) como en PREDIMED modificado (9,47±2,1 al inicio y 9,93±2,1 al final, p<0,001). Igualmente, la proporción de los participantes que tenÃan una puntuación clasificada como alta al principio, aumentó al final del confinamiento: de 80,7% inicial en MEDAS a 87,9% al final, p=0,021 y de 68,6% inicial en PREDIMED modificado a 75,8% al final, p=0,037. Conclusiones: En la muestra de nuestro estudio, durante el confinamiento no se apreciaron cambios en el IMC, y sà aumentos en el consumo de pescado y en la adherencia a la DMed. Introduction: The Mediterranean diet (MDiet), reduces morbidity and mortality. The lockdown that took place in Spain between the months of March and May 2020 may have led to behavioural changes. The aim of the present study was to assess adherence to the MDiet at the end of the lockdown period and to compare it with the situation prior to it. Methods: Data were obtained by means of two online questionnaires, one at the beginning of lockdown and the other at the end, completed by adults from the Spanish population, who responded anonymously and voluntarily. The assessment of adherence to the MDiet was carried out using two questionnaires: Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and modified PREDIMED, which contained 14 questions each. Other variables included were: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), Autonomous Community of origin, home living conditions, and level of studies achieved. At the end of the lockdown period, the comparison was made using the Student t statistic and the McNemar test. Results: A total of 207 people (137 women) participated, with a mean age 51.3 ± 12.4 years, age range: 20-83 years. After lockdown, BMI remained unchanged (initial 24.55 ± 3.7 kg / m2 and final 24.57 ± 3.7 kg / m2, p=.752), as well as fish consumption (initial 51.2%) and 60.9% at the end, p=.003) mainly due to the women and adherence to the Mdiet. The mean total score of MEDAS increased with 10.6 ± 2.0 at the beginning, and 10.57 ± 2.0 at the end; p=.001). This also occurred with the modified PREDIMED (9.47 ± 2.1 at the beginning and 9.93 ± 2.1 at the end, p<.001). Similarly, the proportion of participants that had a score classified as high at the beginning increased at the end of lockdown: from 80.7% initially in MEDAS to 87.9% at the end, p=.021, and from 68.6% initially in modified PREDIMED to 75.8% at the end, p=.037. Conclusions: In the study sample, during lockdown there were no changes in BMI, but there were increases in fish consumption and adherence to the MDiet.
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