Childhood exposure to parental smoking and life-course overweight and central obesity.

Jaakkola, Johanna M; Rovio, Suvi P; Pahkala, Katja; Viikari, Jorma; Rönnemaa, Tapani; Jula, Antti; Niinikoski, Harri; Mykkänen, Juha; Juonala, Markus; Hutri-Kähönen, Nina; Kähönen, Mika; Lehtimäki, Terho; Raitakari, Olli T

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between childhood parental smoking exposure and the risk of overweight/obesity from childhood to adulthood. METHODS This study leverages the data from two longitudinal population based cohort studies, the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study between years 1980-2011/2012 (YFS; N = 2,303;baseline age 3-18 years) and the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project between years 1989-2009/2010 (STRIP; N = 632;baseline age 7 months). Weight, height and waist circumference were measured from childhood to adulthood. Overweight/obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 in adults and using the Cole criteria in children. Central obesity was defined as waist circumference >100/90cm in men/women and as a waist-to-height ratio >0.50 in children. Statistical analyses were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, birth weight, parental ages, diet and physical activity. RESULTS Childhood parental smoking exposure was associated with increased risk for life-course overweight/obesity (YFS: RR1.13, 95%CI 1.02-1.24; STRIP: RR1.57, 95%CI 1.10-2.26) and central obesity (YFS: RR1.18, 95%CI 1.01-1.38; STRIP: RR1.45, 95%CI 0.98-2.15). CONCLUSIONS Childhood exposure to parental smoking is associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity over the life-course. Key messages Exposure to parental smoking in childhood was associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity, central obesity and adiposity measured by skinfold thickness from childhood to adulthood.