Effect of Psychological Stress during the COVID-19 on Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Saudi Arabia

Tarbiah, N. I.; Alkhattabi, N. A.; Aldamen, S. A.; Qutah, B. M.; Al-Zahrani, M. H.; Tayeb, H. O.

This study aims to assess the impact of psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with irritable bowel syndrome in the Saudi Arabia. We used an online questionnaire survey shared on social media to collect data. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia from 1 June 2020 to 31 August 2020. Inclusion criteria were Saudi citizens aged 18 years and above. The exclusion criteria were Saudi citizens under 18 years. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The study included 413 participants;53.3% of participants were affected by IBS. Severe levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were reported in 10.4%, 11.1%, and 8.4% of participants, respectively. There was a significant association between stress level and IBS symptoms based on Rome IV criteria, including frequent abdominal pain (P <0.000) more than 3 bowel movements per day (P <0.025), and less than 3 bowel movements per week (P <0.001). Anxiety level showed a significant association (P <0.000) between the last IBS symptoms, in addition to abnormal stool appearance. A significant association was also reported between depression level and frequent abdominal pain and abdominal bloating (P <0.000). The relationship between IBS medications and other factors that influence IBS symptom development was also considered. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological state of many individuals, which has led to the triggering of symptoms in IBS patients. Attending to healthy habits and lifestyle, in addition to emotional and psychological support, may decrease the occurrence of IBS symptoms.