Author: Sposito, Benedetta; Broggi, Achille; Pandolfi, Laura; Crotta, Stefania; Clementi, Nicola; Ferrarese, Roberto; Sisti, Sofia; Criscuolo, Elena; Spreafico, Roberto; Long, Jaclyn M.; Ambrosi, Alessandro; Liu, Enju; Frangipane, Vanessa; Saracino, Laura; Bozzini, Sara; Marongiu, Laura; Facchini, Fabio A.; Bottazzi, Andrea; Fossali, Tommaso; Colombo, Riccardo; Clementi, Massimo; Tagliabue, Elena; Chou, Janet; Pontiroli, Antonio E.; Meloni, Federica; Wack, Andreas; Mancini, Nicasio; Zanoni, Ivan
Title: The interferon landscape along the respiratory tract impacts the severity of COVID-19 Cord-id: avdp3fip Document date: 2021_8_19
ID: avdp3fip
Snippet: Severe COVID-19 is characterized by overproduction of immune mediators, but the role of interferons (IFNs) of the type I (IFN-I) or type III (IFN-III) families remains debated. We scrutinized the production of IFNs along the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients and found that high levels of IFN-III, and to a lesser extent IFN-I, characterize the upper airways of patients with high viral burden but reduced disease risk or severity. Production of specific IFN-III, but not IFN-I, members, denotes
Document: Severe COVID-19 is characterized by overproduction of immune mediators, but the role of interferons (IFNs) of the type I (IFN-I) or type III (IFN-III) families remains debated. We scrutinized the production of IFNs along the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients and found that high levels of IFN-III, and to a lesser extent IFN-I, characterize the upper airways of patients with high viral burden but reduced disease risk or severity. Production of specific IFN-III, but not IFN-I, members, denotes patients with a mild pathology and efficiently drives the transcription of genes that protect against SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, compared to subjects with other infectious or non-infectious lung pathologies, IFNs are over-represented in the lower airways of patients with severe COVID-19 that exhibit gene pathways associated with increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Our data demonstrate a dynamic production of IFNs in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and show IFNs play opposing roles at distinct anatomical sites.
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