Selected article for: "m1 macrophage and macrophage polarization"

Author: Brufsky, Adam
Title: Hyperglycemia, hydroxychloroquine, and the COVID‐19 pandemic
  • Cord-id: ub7s6yz6
  • Document date: 2020_4_27
  • ID: ub7s6yz6
    Snippet: Coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) infection and its severity can be explained by the concentration of glycosylated severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral particles in the lung epithelium, the concentration of glycosylated angiotensin‐converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2) in the lung epithelium, and the degree and control of the pulmonary immune response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein at approximately day 8 to 10 after symptom onset, which may be relat
    Document: Coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) infection and its severity can be explained by the concentration of glycosylated severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral particles in the lung epithelium, the concentration of glycosylated angiotensin‐converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2) in the lung epithelium, and the degree and control of the pulmonary immune response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein at approximately day 8 to 10 after symptom onset, which may be related to both. Binding of ACE2 by SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19 also suggests that prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia, and not just a history of diabetes mellitus, may be important in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is tempting to consider that the same mechanism acts in COVID‐19 as in SARS, where an overactive macrophage M1 inflammatory response, as neutralizing antibodies to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein form at day 7 to 10, results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in susceptible patients. It also allows consideration of agents, such as hydroxychloroquine, which may interfere with this overly brisk macrophage inflammatory response and perhaps influence the course of the disease, in particular, those that blunt but do not completely abrogate the M1 to M2 balance in macrophage polarization, as well as viral load, which in SARS appears to be temporally related to the onset of ARDS.

    Search related documents:
    Co phrase search for related documents
    • lung epithelium and macrophage polarization: 1
    • lung inflammation and m1 inflammatory response: 1
    • lung inflammation and m1 phenotype: 1
    • lung inflammation and macrophage inflammatory: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
    • lung inflammation and macrophage inflammatory response: 1
    • lung inflammation and macrophage polarization: 1, 2, 3, 4
    • lung inflammation and macrophage polarization balance: 1
    • lung tissue and m1 phenotype: 1
    • lung tissue and macrophage inflammatory: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
    • lung tissue and macrophage inflammatory response: 1
    • lung tissue and macrophage polarization: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
    • lung tissue and macrophage polarization balance: 1
    • m1 balance and m1 phenotype: 1
    • m1 inflammatory response and m1 phenotype: 1, 2, 3
    • m1 inflammatory response and macrophage polarization: 1, 2
    • m1 phenotype and macrophage inflammatory: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
    • m1 phenotype and macrophage inflammatory response: 1, 2
    • m1 phenotype and macrophage polarization: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
    • m1 phenotype and macrophage polarization balance: 1