History of Coronary Heart Disease Increases the Mortality Rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases in Mainland China

Tian Gu; Qiao Chu; Zhangsheng Yu; Botao Fa; Anqi Li; Lei Xu; Ruijun Wu; Yaping He

Studies have indicated that severe cases tend to be older in age [6, 8] and are more likely to have had pre-existing medical conditions, including but not limited to hypertension [3, 6, 8] , diabetes [6, 8] , cardiovascular diseases [3, 6, 8, [10] [11] [12] , cerebrovascular diseases [6] , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3, 8] , cancer [13] , and digestive diseases [14] , in comparison to non-severe cases [3, 6, [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] Recently, scholarly attention focuses on identifying the risk factors for death from COVID-19. Some evidence suggests that pre-existing medical conditions are likely death risk factors for COVID- 19 . For example, a study based on 72,314 cases in China indicated that the case-fatality rate (CFR) tends to be higher among those with older age, and having pre-existing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension compared to all the patients [9] . Similarly, by conducting logistic regression on odds of in-hospital death among 54 diseased patients and 137 All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.