THE INTRACELLULAR CARGO RECEPTOR ERGIC-53 IS REQUIRED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF INFECTIOUS ARENAVIRUS, CORONAVIRUS, AND FILOVIRUS PARTICLES

Klaus, Joseph; Eisenhauer, Philip; Russo, Joanne; Mason, Anne; Do, Danh; King, Benjamin; Taatjes, Douglas; Cornillez-Ty, Cromwell; Boyson, Jonathan E.; Thali, Markus; Zheng, Chunlei; Liao, Lujian; Yates, John R.; Zhang, Bin; Ballif, Bryan A.; Botten, Jason

Arenaviruses and hantaviruses cause severe and often fatal diseases in humans. Little is known regarding host proteins required for their propagation. We identified human proteins that interact with the glycoproteins (GPs) of a prototypic arenavirus and hantavirus and show that the lectin ERGIC-53 - a cargo receptor required for cellular glycoprotein trafficking within the early exocytic pathway - associates with arenavirus, hantavirus, coronavirus, orthomyxovirus, and filovirus GPs. ERGIC-53 binds to arenavirus GPs through a lectin-independent mechanism, traffics to arenavirus budding sites, and is incorporated into arenavirus particles. ERGIC-53 is required for arenavirus, coronavirus, and filovirus propagation; in its absence, GP-containing virus particles form, but are noninfectious due, in part, to their inability to attach to host cells. Thus, we have identified a class of pathogen-derived ERGIC-53 ligands, a lectin-independent basis for their association with ERGIC-53, and a role for ERGIC-53 in the propagation of several highly pathogenic RNA virus families.