Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) should be considered a comorbidity as a risk factor for COVID-19 fatality: A review. Part II

Rivera-Castaño, Leopoldo

The COVID-19 outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus turned into a pandemic and from the first reported cases in December 2019-December 31, 2020, more than 82 million positive cases have been reported with a cumulative fatality of 1,806,155 people due to the complication of a mild upper respiratory infection to a severe lower respiratory disease, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death from multiple organ failure. Comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that have a high prevalence in older adults with obesity, should be considered as an additional risk factor for fatality, due to endothelial dysfunction secondary to hypoxia coupled with an increase in the inflammatory cascade with dysfunction of the glymphatic system during sleep in response to SARS-CoV-2. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] El brote de COVID-19 causado por el virus SARS-CoV-2 se convirtió en una pandemia y desde los primeros casos registrados en diciembre de 2019 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2020, se han reportado más de 82 millones de casos positivos con una fatalidad acumulada de 1,806,155 personas debido a la complicación de una infección leve de las vías respiratorias superiores a una enfermedad grave de las vías respiratorias inferiores, como el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda, y muerte por insuficiencia orgánica múltiple. Comorbilidades como la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) que tienen una alta prevalencia en adultos mayores con obesidad, es un factor más de riesgo de letalidad, por la disfunción endotelial secundaria a la hipoxia aunada al incremento de la cascada inflamatoria con disfunción del sistema glinfático durante el sueño en respuesta al SARS-CoV-2. (Spanish) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia is the property of Academia Mexicana de Neurologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)