SnoRNAs and miRNAs Networks Underlying COVID-19 Disease Severity

Parray, Aijaz; Mir, Fayaz Ahmad; Doudin, Asmma; Iskandarani, Ahmad; Danjuma, Ibn Mohammed Masud; Kuni, Rahim Ayadathil Thazhhe; Abdelmajid, Alaaedin; Abdelhafez, Ibrahim; Arif, Rida; Mulhim, Mohammad; Abukhattab, Mohammad; Dar, Shoukat Rashhid; Moustafa, Ala-Eddin Al; Elkord, Eyad; Al Khal, Abdul Latif; Elzouki, Abdel-Naser; Cyprian, Farhan

There is a lack of predictive markers for early and rapid identification of disease progression in COVID-19 patients. Our study aims at identifying microRNAs (miRNAs)/small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as potential biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. Using differential expression analysis of microarray data (n = 29), we identified hsa-miR-1246, ACA40, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-145-5p, and ACA18 as the top five differentially expressed transcripts in severe versus asymptomatic, and ACA40, hsa-miR-3609, ENSG00000212378 (SNORD78), hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-885-3p as the most significant five in severe versus mild cases. Moreover, we found that white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), neutrophil (%), lymphocyte (%), red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, D-Dimer, and albumin are significantly correlated with the identified differentially expressed miRNAs and snoRNAs. We report a unique miRNA and snoRNA profile that is associated with a higher risk of severity in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Altogether, we present a differential expression analysis of COVID-19-associated microRNA (miRNA)/small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) signature, highlighting their importance in SARS-CoV-2 infection.