Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children - A New Syndrome Complicated With Acute Heart Failure Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection.

Uchida, Momoko; Kashima, Yuichiro; Mochizuki, Katsunori; Sakamoto, Hiroto; Mori, Kotaro; Ebisawa, Soichiro; Takeshige, Kanako; Nitta, Kenichi; Kuwahara, Koichiro; Imamura, Hiroshi

BACKGROUND Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare syndrome temporally related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). MIS-C shares similarities with Kawasaki disease, but left ventricular dysfunction is more common in MIS-C.Methods and Results:This study reports the case of a 16-year-old Japanese male patient with MIS-C. Although the initial presentation was severe with circulatory and respiratory failure, the patient recovered completely. Endomyocardial biopsy showed active myocarditis with fibrosis. Immunoglobulin treatment was useful for recovery. CONCLUSIONS This is the first reported case of MIS-C in Japan. Cardiologists should be aware of MIS-C, a new disease, occurring during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.